Wednesday, 30 September 2015
RBI Policy and reduction in repo rate
Saturday, 19 September 2015
A big opportunity waiting to be tapped
A big opportunity waiting to be tapped
With slightly over 20 million demat account and around
5 million retail investors, there is a humongous opportunity waiting to be
tapped. This not only makes business sense, but is also in the interest of our
country where investment needs are mind-boggling. It is time for the discount
broking firms to join other industry players to work for increasing the size of
the market.
DISCOUNT brokerage is only around five years old in
India, while it has been around for over two decades in the more advanced
financial markets like the US, where it continues to exist with the traditional
broking firms. Although the emergence of discount broking has not rung the
death knell for traditional brokerages or full-service broking firms yet, it
has been causing a lot of anxiety to the market participants. Investors in
every market are mostly swayed by the price and cost transaction, but there are
also discerning buyers who don't mind paying a higher price, provided the
value proposition is right As the term itself suggests. The USP of discount
broking is its extremely low rates of commission. As far as services are
concerned, it offers none, except trade execution. Full-service broking firms,
on the other hand, offer an entire gamut of services, ranging from research
reports and trading inputs to financial planning and wealth management. Therefore,
both cater to two different segments of the market.
Discount broking is meant to attract day traders who,
otherwise, end up paying high brokerage on their trades. It also attracts more
enterprising investors who, like the day traders, do their own research before
investing. With the explosion of mass media, multiple sources of information
are available to investors, mostly free. So, they are no longer dependent on
brokers for information to guide their buy and sell choices. Such investors,
however, are few and far between.
Investors who cannot follow financial markets either
due to lack of time or skill would continue to remain with the full-service
broking firms, as they depend on their research, recommendations and trading
tips, since they mostly follow the buy-and-hold philosophy. Traditional brokers
also retain the advantage of human factor. Investment in equities is complex
and a little handholding is always welcome. Hence, a large number of
investors prefer investment advisers with whom they can talk and interact. The
traditional broking firms will deal with the emerging competition with discount
brokers by either moving up or down the value chain. One way to deal with it is
to unbundle the services and offer them accord- ing to the prospective
client's willingness to pay. Thus, within the same broking outfit, one can
either opt for discount broking or a more premium service, where brokerage is
bundled with research or market reports. We are already seeing this happening
Since the traditional firms will only be able to
charge a higher brokerage for value-added services, their quality of research
is likely to improve, which, in turn, will also upgrade the overall resilience
and quality of information in the market. Some of the smaller brokerages whose
research reports are not worth the paper on which they are printed would
either have to improve their quality drastically or downgrade to discount
broking. This might also lead to consolidation in the broking industry, as with
falling margins and increasing compliance and regulatory cost, firms would try
to achieve a certain size to reap the economies of scale. So, before discount
broking and the accompanying cut-throat competition becomes a menace, market
regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) should relax the norms
governing the merger and acquisition of broking business to help the industry
to consolidate. Even the exchanges need to do a lot with regard to fees,
while the government must change the several tax laws to facilitate mergers and
acquisitions
We believe that following Iite approach, Luddite think
this matter is in nobody's interest. We work in the equities market where the
investors reward enterprises that do well and penalise that don't So, to demand
any kind of restriction on discount broking runs against the basic philosophy
of the stockbroking business. So, no matter how much we insist on curbs, the
desired results will not be achieved in a free market scenario.
It is for this reason that the Association of National Exchanges Members of India (ANMI) had reservations regarding the demand of a
regulation on minimum broker age. It is likely that some of the traditional
broking firms might perish in the face of this new challenge, but then, more
efficient and innovative firms would replace them. This is the perennial gale
of creative destruction that Joseph Schumpeter so eloquently talked about
It is pertinent to note that the cost of brokerage has
never held back investors from the equity market, and to expect that discount
broking will usher in equity culture in the country is completely misplaced.
With slightly over 20 million demat account and around
5 million retail investors, we have not even scratched the surface properly;
there is a humongous opportunity waiting to be tapped. This not only makes
business sense, but is also in the interest of our country, where investment
needs are mind-boggling. It is time for the discount broking firms to join
other industry players to work for spreading financial literacy and increase
the size of the market.
The relentless march of technological advancement
brings with it changes, some of which are disruptive in nature, but the human
effort has always been to rise up to it. When the settled way of things change
abruptly, there is fear of the unknown and even some overreaction, but then
that is not wholly unexpected. This is not the first time that there has been a
major shift in the way business is done in the stock market. We have covered
a long journey from meeting under the banyan tree in Mumbai to hiding behind
computer screens and executing trades at the speed of light.
Gopal K Agarwal is national convener of the BJP economic cell.
Monday, 10 August 2015
Thursday, 25 June 2015
Farmers' woes, land acquisition objectives separate
Gopal Krishna Agarwal, a chartered accountant and a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) national executive, was the chief of its erstwhile economic policy cell. Now a member of the party's committee on the land Bill, he tells Archis Mohan how pushing amendments through an Ordinance made the people doubt the Narendra Modi government's intentions. Edited excerpts:
How do you view opposition to amendments to the Land Act of 2013, including
from the within the Sangh Parivar?
The
debate in the public domain is on perceptions. Facts are missing. The BJP has been accused of
doing things it has not. Much is being said in comparison to the Act. That
legislation is now being considered sacrosanct. But a deeper analysis will show
up the shortcomings in the Act.
What are these misconceptions?
The first is about the Narendra Modi government having
removed the consent clause. Even in the Act, consent was not required for
government acquisition for public purpose. Section 2 of the Act had defined 12
categories of public purpose in which consent was not required. Consent was
required for government acquiring land for the private sector and for the
government acquiring land for public-private partnership projects. The BJP has removed consent only for public-private
partnership projects, where the land remains with the government and only for
those projects that fulfill the public purpose. Schedule 4 of the Act has 13
clauses under which the government acquired almost 80-90 per cent of land that
were exempt from the consent clause.
There
is also confusion about whose consent. People think that the Act sought consent from the
landowner. Actually, the Act sought consent from project-affected families,
which was quite vague. Identifying project-affected families and whether at all
they have a stake on the land being acquired was complicating the process.
Another
issue is regarding the removal of the social impact assessment. It was removed
because of its drawn-out consultative process, which is prone to litigation.
Why delete consent for public-private partnership projects?
We have formed the government on the promise of economic development.
Development needs investment. There are only three avenues for this: foreign
investment, private investment, and government spending. Our government is
trying to create an enabling environment, but it is for the foreign investor to
decide whether to invest in India. Private investment will not come unless
there is strong demand, while the government's coffers are empty.
Public-private partnership is the route through which investments can come in
for infrastructure projects.
What about objections to the removal of the clause that required
the government to return land to owners if not used for five years?
There is some confusion here, too. Two sections deal with land going back to
the owner if not utilised. In Section 24 (2), the latest amendments have not
made major changes. They have only excluded the period of litigation from the
calculation of the period of five years in the clause. Section 101 addresses
the issue of projects with gestation periods of more than five years, like
defence or nuclear projects. For these, the time period will be decided at the
beginning of the project.
Your allies like the Shiromani Akali Dal have
advised you to look at the Punjab land law, which has social impact assessment
as a key feature...
Meetings with state governments in June 2014, and later among secretaries of
the ministries responsible for implementing the Act, identified social impact
assessment as the biggest hurdle in implementation of the 2013 law. There are
different formulations on social impact assessment and every state has its own
bill. The states are free to have their own version of the Act provided the
compensation, resettlement and rehabilitation are in accordance with this Act.
We have tried to address the concerns by providing for jobs in a project for
family members affected by land acquisition, not allowing acquisition of land
in excess of what is required - all this needs to be assessed by an independent
authority. This authority will hear the grievances of farmers at the district
level. These issues will be addressed at the time of framing rules.
There is ample unutilised land with special economic zones.
The Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh has
pointed out that there are over 80,000 hectares of land with sick public sector
undertakings. Why acquire from farmers when these can be used?
The amendments have talked about setting up a bank of non-irrigated land and a
tribunal. Projects will be required to first utilise land from the bank. But
land is being acquired for infrastructure development and industrial corridors
along highways and railway lines. The government cannot, under this Act,
acquire large tracts of land to give to industrial houses. That concern is not
valid. The Act does not talk about industrial clusters, whereas special
economic zones are quite a different concept.
Where is the evidence that land acquisition under the 2013 Act
failed?
Yes, we do not have any data as such. The objections are from the study of the
Act and opinions of stakeholders. We have to understand that this Act's
objective is not only to settle all the issues of farmers. Everybody agrees
that our agriculture faces issues that are very complicated. These issues are
not going to be tackled through the Land Acquisition Act.
We
have to delink many of the farmer's problems from the objectives of the Act.
Here the objective is simply acquiring of land for infrastructure development
and for government projects. Other problems of farmers will be tackled through reforms
in the agricultural sector. Second, the land bill has various stakeholders.
Farmers and landowners are one. Each stakeholder can have his demand, but the
government has to take a consolidated view and take care of most of the
concerns of all the people.
But where was the need to bring in an Ordinance?
I think this is one of the issues where perception has overtaken reality. There
were 13 clauses in Schedule 4 outside the purview of the 2013 Act, which meant
that if any land was acquired under these clauses, compensation to the
landowner was to be paid under the 1894 law. Additionally, the 2013 Act had
mandated that within one year the government should bring these 13 clauses
under the purview of the Act. The last date for that inclusion was December 31,
2014. Therefore, either an Ordinance or a notification was required before
December 2014.
In
the meanwhile, the consultative process with the state governments came up with
a consensus that more amendments were required. Clubbing of the amendments in
the Ordinance was not a compulsion, but it was thought to be procedurally
easier. We could have delinked the two. I think we could have done that.
Clubbing the two led people to doubt our intentions.
Thursday, 11 June 2015
рдк्рд░ाрдХृрддिрдХ рд╕ंрд╕ाрдзрди рдкрд░ рд╕्рд╡ाрдоिрдд्рд╡ рд╕рдд्рддा рдпा рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддिрдЧрдд рдирд╣ीं рдмрд▓्рдХि рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХा рд╣ी рд╣ोрдиा рдЪाрд╣िрдпें - рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рд╡рд╢िрд╖्рда, рд░ाрдЬा рд╡िрд╢्рд╡ाрдоिрдд्рд░ рдПрд╡ं рдХाрдордзेрдиु рдк्рд░рд╕ंрдЧ ।
Saturday, 6 June 2015
рдЧौ рд╕ंрд╡рд░्рдзрди рдПрд╡ं рдХृрд╖ि
рднाрд░рдд рд╡рд░्рд╖ рд╣ी рдПрдХ рдПैрд╕ा рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ рд╣ै рдЬिрд╕рдоें рджूрдз рдЙрдд्рдкाрджрди рд▓рдЧाрддाрд░ рдмреЭ рд░рд╣ा рд╣ै। рдЖрдЬ рд╣рдоाрд░ा рджेрд╢ рд╕ंрд╕ाрд░ рдоें рд╕рд░्рд╡ाрдзिрдХ 140.3 рдоिрд▓ीрдпрди рдЯрди рджूрдз рдЙрдд्рдкाрджрди рдХрд░рдиे рд╡ाрд▓ा рджेрд╢ рд╣ैं। рдЬो 2019-20 рддрдХ 177 рдоिрд▓ीрдпрди рдЯрди рдмрдврдХрд░ рд╣ो рдЬाрдиे рдХा рдЕрдиुрдоाрди рд╣ै। рднाрд░рдд рдоें рдк्рд░рддि рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддि рджूрдз рдХी рдЙрдкрд▓рдм्рдзрддा 290 рдЧ्рд░ाрдо рд╣ै рдЬो рд╕ंрд╕ाрд░ рдХे рдФрд╕рдд рдЙрдкрд▓рдм्рдзрддा рд╕े рдЬ्рдпाрджा рд╣ैं। рдкिрдЫрд▓े 5 рд╡рд░्рд╖ो рдоें рднाрд░рдд рдХा рджूрдз рдЙрдд्рдкाрджрди 25 рдоिрд▓ीрдпрди рдЯрди рдмреЭा, рдЗрд╕рдХी рддुрд▓рдиा рдоें рдЕрдоेрд░िрдХा рдоें 6.6 рдоिрд▓ीрдпрди рдЯрди, рдЪीрди рдоें 5.4 рдоिрд▓ीрдпрди рдЯрди рдПрд╡ं рди्рдпूрдЬीрд▓ैрди्рдб рдоें2.7 рдоिрд▓ीрдпрди рдЯрди рд╣ी рдмреЭा। рдЗрд╕рд╕े рд╕िрдж्рдз рд╣ोрддा рд╣ै рдХि рд╣рдоाрд░ा рдкрд╢ुрдкाрд▓рдХ рдПрд╡ं рдкрд╢ुрдзрди рдХिрд╕ी рд╕े рдХрдо рдирд╣ीं рд╣ै।
рдпрдж्рдпрдкि рд╣рдоाрд░े рдкाрд╕ 304 рдоिрд▓ीрдпрди рдХा рд╡िрд╢ाрд▓ рджुрдзाрд░ू рдкрд╢ुрдзрди рд╣ै, рдЬिрд╕рдоें 16.60 рдХрд░ोреЬ рднाрд░рддीрдп рдирд╕्рд▓рдХीрджेрд╢ी рд╡ 3.3 рдХрд░ोреЬ рд╕ंрдХрд░ рдирд╕्рд▓ рдХी рдЧाрдпे рд╣ै рддрдеा 10.53 рдХрд░ोреЬ рднैрд╕े рд╣ै, рдЬिрдирд╕े 7 рдХрд░ोреЬ рдкрд╢ुрдкाрд▓рдХों рдж्рд╡ाрд░ा рдк्рд░рддिрджिрди 33 рдХрд░ो़рдб рд▓ीрдЯрд░ рджूрдз рдХा рдЙрдд्рдкाрджрди рдХिрдпा рдЬाрддा рд╣ै, рдЬो рдЕрдкрдиे рдЖрдк рдоें рдПрдХ рдХीрд░्рддिрдоाрди рд╣ैं।
рд╕рдордп рд╕рдордп рдкрд░ рдиिрддि рдиिрд░्рдзाрд░рдХों рдПрд╡ं рдЪिंрддрдХो рдж्рд╡ाрд░ा рдРрд╕े рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рд╡्рдпрдХ्рдд рдХिрдпे рдЬाрддे рд░рд╣े рд╣ै рдХि рднाрд░рдд рдоें рджूрдз рдЙрдд्рдкाрджрди рдоें рдм़реЭोрддрд░ी рдХрд░рдиे рд╣ेрддु рд╕ंрдХрд░ рдЧाрдпों рдХी рд╕ंрдЦ्рдпा рдмреЭाрдиी рд╣ोрдЧी। рддрдеाрдкि рджेрд╢ी рдЧाрдпों рдХी рдЙрдд्рдкाрджрдХрддा рдХो рдЙрдд्рддрд░ोрддрд░ рдмреЭाрдиे рдХे рдЙрдкाрдп рдХрд░рдиे рд╣ोंрдЧें। рднाрд░рддीрдп рдЧौрд╡ंрд╢ рдЧुрдгрд╡рдд्рддा рдХे рдЖрдзाрд░ рдкрд░ рджुрдиिрдпा рдоें рд╕рд░्рд╡рд╢्рд░ेрд╖्рда рдФрд░ рд╕рднी рд╡िрджेрд╢ी рдирд╕्рд▓ों рдоें рд╢्рд░ेрдпрд╕्рдХрд░ рд╣ै। рднाрд░рдд рдоें рдЕрдзिрдХ рджूрдз рджेрдиे рд╡ाрд▓ी рдирд╕्рд▓ें рднी рд╣ै рдЧुрдЬрд░ाрдд рд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХी рдЧीрд░ рдирд╕्рд▓ рдХी рдЧाрдп рдиे рдм्рд░ाрдЬीрд▓ рдоें рдЖрдпोрдЬिрдд рд╡िрд╢्рд╡ рдк्рд░рддिрдпोрдЧिрддा рдоें 64 рд▓ीрдЯрд░ рджूрдз рджेрдХрд░ рд╡िрд╢्рд╡ рдХीрд░्рддिрдоाрди рд╕्рдеाрдкिрдд рдХिрдпा рд╣ै। рднाрд░рддीрдп рдирд╕्рд▓ों рдХी рдЧाрдпों рдХा рджूрдз рдЕрдзिрдХ рдЧुрдгрдХाрд░ी рд╣ै рдЬिрд╕рдоें рдк्рд░ोрдЯीрди ।.2 рдХिрд╕्рдо рдХी рд╣ोрддी рд╣ै, рдЬिрд╕рдХी рдк्рд░рдХृрддि рдзрдордиिрдпों рдоें рд░рдХ्рдд рдЬрдоाрд╡ рд╡िрд░ोрдзी, рдХैрд╕ंрд░ рд╡िрд░ोрдзी рдПрд╡ं рдордзुрдоेрд╣ рд╡िрд░ोрдзी рд╣ोрддी рд╣ै, рдЗрд╕рд▓िрдП рджेрд╢ी рдЧाрдп рдХा рджूрдз рджौрд╣рд░ा рд▓ाрднрджाрдпрдХ рд╣ै рд╡рд╣ीं рднाрд░рддीрдп рдЧाрдп рдХे рджूрдз рдоें рдмрдЪ्рдЪों рдХे рджिрдоाрдЧ рдХी рд╡ृрдж्рдзि рдХрд░рдиे рд╣ेрддु рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рддрдд्рд╡ рд╕ेрд░ेрдм्рд░ोрд╕ाрдИрдб, рдХрди्рдЬूрдЧेрдЯेрдб рд▓िрдиोрд▓िрдХ рдРрд╕िрдб рдПрд╡ं рдУрдоेрдЧा рде्рд░ी рдлेрдЯी рдРрд╕िрдб рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рдЕрдиुрдкाрдд рдоें рдкाрдпा рдЬाрддा рд╣ै।
рд╣рд░ा рдЪाрд░ा рдкрд╢ुрдУं рдХे рд▓िрдпे рдкोрд╖рдХ рддрдд्рд╡ों рдХा рдПрдХ рдХिрдлाрдпрддी рд╕्рдд्рд░ोрдд рд╣ै рдкрд░рди्рддु рдЗрд╕рдХी рдЙрдкрд▓рдм्рдзрддा рд╕ीрдоिрдд рд╣ै। рдЪाрд░े рдХी рдЦेрддी рдХे рд▓िрдпे рд╕ीрдоिрдд рднूрдоि рдХे рдХाрд░рдг, рдЪाрд░ा рдлрд╕рд▓ों рдПрд╡ं рдЖрдо рдЪाрд░ाрдЧाрд╣ рднूрдоि рд╕े рдЪाрд░े рдХी рдЙрдд्рдкाрджрдХрддा рдоें рд╕ुрдзाрд░ рдкрд░ рдз्рдпाрди рдХेрди्рдж्рд░िрдд рдХрд░рдиे рдХी рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХрддा рд╣ै рд╕ाрде рд╣ी рдЕрддिрд░िрдХ्рдд рдЙрдд्рдкाрджिрдд рд╣рд░े рдЪाрд░े рдХे рд╕ंрд░рдХ्рд╖рдг рдХे рддрд░ीрдХों рдХो рдк्рд░рджрд░्рд╢िрдд рдХрд░рдиा рд╣ोрдЧा, рдЬिрд╕рд╕े рдХि рд╣рд░े рдЪाрд░े рдХी рдХрдоी рдХे рд╕рдордп рдЗрдирдХी рдЙрдкрд▓рдм्рдзрддा рдмреЭाрдИ рдЬा рд╕рдХे।